State and migration: The reflection of the policies in the external mobility of Cubans

Abstract

This article is the result of a documentary analysis, whose objective was to explain the influence of the State's policy on the migration issue in the development of international migration of Cubans. A qualitative approach was used from a structuralist conception with the use of theoretical methods such as historical, analytical-synthetic and inductive-deductive logic. It was found that since the 1990s and in correspondence with the global behavior of the flows, Cuban external migration faces the challenges of a gradual dynamism, the diversification of its currents, the complexity of its motivations and the deepening of ties between migrants and their country of origin. In these transformations the normative activity of the Cuban State has been fundamental. It is concluded that the efforts made by the State and its institutions to control the migratory potential and neutralize its socioeconomic impact have influenced, among other elements, the diversification of the expressions of migration and modified the flows, once they are adapted to the opportunities offered by the national regulatory policy framework.